KIR3DL1 and AIDS: Martin and colleagues reported that KIR3DS1+HLA B Bw4-80I was protective against HIV progression [13], but this has not been found in other studies: indeed, Gaudieri et al reported that individuals with KIR3DS1 and Bw4-80I actually exhibited an accelerated progression to AIDS [11] whilst O’Connell et al noted there was no correlation between KIR/HLA genotype and control of HIV replication by NK cells in vitro in a small cohort of elite controllers [42].