It has been reported that blocking either IL‐1β or TNF‐α related signalling pathways ameliorates the severity of myocarditis.34, 35, 36, 37 Besides, levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF‐α and IL‐1β were raised in patients with acute myocarditis.37 We therefore examined whether cytokines in the EAM serum contribute to the EAM induced elevation of pS368Cx43. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is myocarditis.