Given the cancer resistance of humans with GHR deficiency (Guevara‐Aguirre et al.,2011) and the cancer resistance of mice with multiple copies of TP53 (García‐Cao et al.,2002) or INK4a/ADP ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) (Matheu et al.,2004), cancer resistance is probably not a hugely complex adaptation, even though there are certainly different evolutionary routes to achieve it. The gene discussed is ARF1; the disease is cancer.