A large-scale study by Jenkinson et al. [78] on the role of the anti-angiogenic molecule thrombospondin (THBS)-1 as diagnostic biomarker for PC analyzed serum samples from patients with PC, chronic pancreatitis, or type 2 diabetes mellitus and from healthy controls and, of particular interest, from PC patients up to 4 years before their diagnosis; results obtained showed a reduction in THBS-1 concentrations up to 24 months before the clinical diagnosis of PC. This evidence concerns the gene THBS1 and pachyonychia congenita.