A first category included the Ras-related protein R-ras, a member of the Ras subfamily of small G-proteins (encoded by Rras), neural cell adhesion molecule 1, a membrane-bound glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin-like CAM family of adhesion molecules (encoded by Ncam1), and polymerase I and transcript release factor (encoded by Ptrf), a key component of the structure of caveolae, also considered as a tumor suppressor. This evidence concerns the gene RRAS and neoplasm.