TNF and infection: The levels of several cytokines were increased in C57BL/6 mice serum independent of T. cruzi strain, such as TNF-α, IL1-β, IL-4, IL-5, CCL-5, CCL-11, and CXCL-9 (Figures 7, 8); the levels of IL-10 and IL-17 were only increased with G-strain infection (Figures 7F,G), and the levels of IL-2 and CCL-3 were only increased in mice infected with the CL strain (Figures 7C, 8A).