Accordingly, whole body Arntl−/− mice show glucose intolerance, hypoinsulinemia, an increased respiratory quotient, reduced fat storage, increased circulating fatty acids, increased ectopic fat formation in liver and muscle, and hypoinsulinemia, whilst mouse liver specific Arntl knock-out induces hypoglycemia in the resting state (Lamia et al., 2008; Marcheva et al., 2010; Shimba et al., 2011). Here, BMAL1 is linked to Hypoinsulinemia.