However, in breast cancer cells, cytoplasmic ANXA1 can activate NF-κB either directly by interacting with and stabilizing the NEMO-RIPI-IKK complex (Bist et al., 2011) or indirectly by inhibiting miR-26b and miR-562, which directly silence the NF-κB pathway by recognizing p65 and p105 mRNAs at the 3′-UTR (Anbalagan et al., 2014). The gene discussed is ANXA1; the disease is breast cancer.