Among the deleterious SAPs predicted exclusively using the NIPS method, many of which have been reported in other tumour type, or reported for their association with the progression of colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer and gastric cancer, such as G12S in KRAS, W383G in CTNNB1, R517K in COL4A2, and V44I in LASP132–39. Here, CTNNB1 is linked to gastric cancer.