It seems that aberrant signaling causing NF-κB activation, due to host mutations or viral LMP1 activation, may be balanced out by EBNA1 and BART miRNA in EBV-infected NPC cells [20], together with other negative feedback pathways, to make the survival of these cells dependent on the maintenance of a state of EBV latency (Figure 5). Here, NFKB1 is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.