The resulting peptide must also be expressed within cancer cells and bind with high affinity to one or more of the patient’s major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) [7], the polyprotein complexes predominantly encoded by the polymorphic Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) loci, which are responsible for presenting peptides to the surface of both normal and cancer cells for detection by the immune system in a patient-specific manner [12–14]. The gene discussed is HLA-C; the disease is cancer.