In general, thepathways affected most in the pre-hypertensive stage were heavily involvedin immune system modulation (e.g. Graft-vs-Host signalling, OX40 signalling,atherosclerosis signalling, dendritic cell maturation, autoimmune thyroiddisease signalling and antigen presentation pathways, online SupplementaryTables S2 and S3) as well as lipid and cholesterol metabolism (FXR/RXRactivation and LXR/RXR activation). This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF4 and atherosclerosis.