In addition, overexpression of latent TGFβ1 was shown to decrease both SMAD2/3 activation (transcription factors of canonical TGFβ1 signaling) and the number of myofibroblasts (60), which is in line with findings that SMAD3 knockout mice are protected from renal fibrosis (61, 62). The gene discussed is SMAD3; the disease is renal fibrosis.