High PD-1 and/or PD-L1 may correlate with poor prognosis in some cancers (including melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, esophageal, gastric, and ovarian cancers) and with improved prognosis in others (such as angiosarcoma and gastric cancer) (55, 60–65). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.