CXCL5 and autoimmune disease: Notably, CXCL5 is a biomarker of T helper 17 cell-mediated autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and pemphigus vulgaris [16–18]; and soluble CD163 (sCD163) is a TAM marker that appears in the serum as a result of proteolytic shedding [19].