In female patients with SLE, T cell levels of ERα protein are lower after culture in estradiol, yet, T cells respond robustly to a ligand (ERα) selective agonist, 1, 3, 5-tris (4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-propyl-1H-pyrazole by stimulating calcineurin and CD154 mRNA expression (20). This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and systemic lupus erythematosus.