TNF and brain ischemia: The four miRNAs we focused on—miR-146a, miR-149, miR-196a2, and miR-499—are intimately related to regulation of TNF-α (El Gazzar et al., 2011), MTHFR (Wu et al., 2013), annexin A1 (ANXA1) (Luthra et al., 2008), and CRP (Yang et al., 2012) respectively, which were general causes of cerebral ischemia.