Previous human genetic studies of alleles associated with insulin sensitivity have shown that most are also associated with an apparently paradoxical higher fat mass (and the insulin resistance allele is associated with lower fat mass) (Kilpelainen et al., 2011, Lotta et al., 2017, Scott et al., 2014, Shungin et al., 2015, Yaghootkar et al., 2014, Yaghootkar et al., 2016). Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.