For instance, it was recently suggested that the ratio of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin IL-10 and IL-12, respectively) produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) upon in vitro exposure to probiotic strains could be a predictor of protective effects in vivo in a chemically induced murine colitis model (Foligne et al., 2007). This evidence concerns the gene IL10 and colitis.