SMAD2 and hydrops fetalis: It was found that the number of p-Smad2/3 positive cells was increased to 232.32 ± 27.61/mm2 significantly in the vehicle-treated ACLT group, whereas the difference in the number of p-Smad2/3-positive cells between Sham group (33.87 ± 19.29/mm2) and HF-treated ACLT group (61.62 ± 29.15/mm2) was not statistically significant (p > 0.05) (Figures 4A,E).