In patients with EGFR T790M mutation-positive NSCLC, prolonged PFS (median 10.1 months vs. 4.4 months; HR 0.30; P<0.001) and higher ORR (71% vs. 31%; OR 5.39; P<0.001) observed with osimertinib vs. platinum plus pemetrexed therapy. PFS also prolonged with osimertinib vs. platinum plus pemetrexed therapy in patients with CNS metastases. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.