Given the fact that our study showed that HDAC6 inhibition by selective small molecule offered a protective effect on the injured kidney in the pathological condition, there were reports of blocking class I HDACs by MS-275 resulted in worsening renal dysfunction and enhancing cell apoptosis with caspase-3 activation in the same AKI model (Tang et al., 2014). Here, CASP3 is linked to acute kidney injury.