Additionally, altered TGFβ/Smad2 signalling has been observed in common neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease [70, 71] suggesting that LMTK2 is not only involved in the regulation of kinesin-1 based transport but also can contribute the pathomechanism of neurodegenerative diseases by affecting axonal transport. The gene discussed is LMTK2; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.