In this study, we sought to identify genetics polymorphisms in Ara-C and dNTP metabolic pathway including CMPK1, NME1/NME2 (encoding NDPK), SAMHD1, RRM1, RRM2 and E2F1 with drug response to Ara-C based chemotherapy and AML prognosis in Chinese AML patients. This evidence concerns the gene NME1 and acute myeloid leukemia.