In our current analysis, none of the 26 vaccinees who developed a ≥1.5 fold increase in IgM anti-OSP, none of 19 who developed a ≥1.5 anti-OSP IgA fold increase, and none of 3 who developed a ≥1.5 anti-OSP IgG fold increase on day 10 following vaccination compared to pre-vaccination values developed moderate or severe cholera following experimental challenge. Here, CD40LG is linked to vibrio infectious disease.