PAX8 was negative in 98% of cervical squamous cell carcinomas and in 93% of bladder carcinomas, including adenocarcinomas, while no expression was detected in adenocarcinomas of the breast, colon, prostate, liver, testicular, stomach, oesophagus, melanoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumours, leiomyosarcoma or pheochromocytoma [20,21]. This evidence concerns the gene PAX8 and adenocarcinoma.