Thus, it is not unexpected that an aberrant overexpression of HuR has been repeatedly associated with malignant transformation and increased nuclear and/or cytoplasmic HuR expression is correlated with patient prognosis in a significant number of human malignancies, such as lung adenocarcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and colon cancer [11]. This evidence concerns the gene ELAVL1 and urothelial carcinoma.