These detrimental effects have been attributed to an impairment in insulin and leptin sensitivity (Palou et al., 2012), together with defects in hypothalamic structure and function (Garcia et al., 2010), and alterations in markers of sympathetic innervation of white and brown adipose tissues (Garcia et al., 2011; Palou et al., 2015) and of stomach (Garcia et al., 2013), leading to a higher risk to develop hallmark features of the metabolic syndrome. Here, LEP is linked to metabolic syndrome.