The presence of increased ghrelin levels in CR-Leptin rats in adulthood, which are known to be protected from the increased susceptibility to develop obesity characteristic of maternal calorie restriction, could seem controversial when considering the orexigenic actions of ghrelin (Tschop et al., 2000; Kamegai et al., 2001). The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.