TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Abnormal activation of AMPK was observed in motor neurons of the human ALS spinal cord (Liu et al., 2015a), TDP-43 transgenic mice that harbor wild-type human TDP-43 (Liu et al., 2015a) as well as A315T TDP-43 mutants (Coughlan et al., 2016), and SOD1G93A mice (Lim et al., 2012; Perera et al., 2014; Zhao et al., 2015).