APOE and Alzheimer disease: In this framework, whereas reserve generally refers to the capability of sustaining cognition against AD-related damage even at high levels of AD pathology [11], resilience corresponds to the supposed capability of some individuals to slow the progression of neurodegeneration despite harboring the primary risk factors for the disease (e.g., advanced age and carriage of one or more ε4 alleles of the apolipoprotein E [APOE] gene) [41].