We therefore examined the metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells in nude mice by injecting 1 × 106 Panc-1 cells cultured with PBS, N-S, HMGB1−/−-S, N-S + EP, or rhHMGB1 (150 ng/ml) into the mouse tail vein. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.