CXCL1 and susceptibility to pneumonia measurement: In a murine Bpifa1−/− model of pulmonary Pseudomonas (P.)aeruginosa infection, Bpifa1−/− mice had significantly increased expression of, amongst other cytokines, Cxcl-1 and -2 in lung tissue with subsequently increased total inflammatory cell number and neutrophils in BALF and enhanced pneumonia (Liu et al. 2013b).