STAT3 and liver disorder: In HBV infection, dysregulated STAT3 signaling has been revealed to be involved in the ineffective immune response against HBV [7, 8] and the pathogenesis of liver diseases [7, 9, 10] through mediating the cytokine-mediated HBV enhancer function [9] and influencing the cytoprotective effect of hepatocyte growth factor and epidermal growth factor on CD95-mediated apoptosis and the action of cytotoxic T-cells [10].