In this review, we described the common structure of the septin 7 in human and other organisms and its molecular mechanism of action in physiology and disease pathology, summarized recent studies of the function of septin 7 in nervous and reproductive systems and showed its diverse functions in various diseases including AD, schizophrenia, NPSLE, glioma, PTC and HCC (Figure 1D). The gene discussed is SEPTIN7; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.