In this review, we described the common structure of the septin 7 in human and other organisms and its molecular mechanism of action in physiology and disease pathology, summarized recent studies of the function of septin 7 in nervous and reproductive systems and showed its diverse functions in various diseases including AD, schizophrenia, NPSLE, glioma, PTC and HCC (Figure 1D). This evidence concerns the gene SEPTIN7 and central nervous system cancer.