INS and diabetes mellitus: In addition to their diabetes management properties, many clinical studies support the concept that consuming soybeans and pulses is favorable as a result of the ability to attenuate insulin resistance as shown by improvements in the homeostasis modelling assessment—insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and fasting insulin levels (Table 1) [5,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26], although some studies have reported opposing [24] or null effects [25,27,28,29].