MMPs are implicated in the pathogenesis of MS, and some MMPs, including MMP3, MMP7, and MMP9, are upregulated in MS lesions (Cuzner et al., 1996; Maeda & Sobel, 1996; Cossins et al., 1997; Anthony et al., 1997; Lindberg et al., 2001). This evidence concerns the gene MMP9 and myeloid sarcoma.