ITGAM and systemic lupus erythematosus: Rs1143678, rs1143679, and rs1143683 are three non-synonymous ITGAM SNPs (10, 11) that translate into mis-sense mutations P1146S, R77H, and A858V, respectively, in the CD11b protein, and confer risk for SLE and SLE subphenotypes including LN, discoid rash and immunological manifestations [reviewed in Ref.