The positive effect of physical activity on diabetes might be explained in part by an improved insulin sensitivity, acute increase in glucose uptake and delivery by the muscle cells via GLUT-4 transporters, structural changes in skeletal muscles (e.g., fiber size, and capillary density), an improved hormone regulation (e.g., cortisol), a better control on enzymes related to glucose and lipid metabolism (e.g., hexokinase, glycogen synthase, lipoprotein lipase) and the reduction of body weight and adiposity41,45,46. This evidence concerns the gene LPL and diabetes mellitus.