KCND3 and central nervous system cancer: Previous in vitro studies have shown that expression of Kir4.1 is sufficient to hyperpolarize and cause G1/G0 arrest of glioma cells (Higashimori and Sontheimer, 2007) and flux of K+ through voltage-gated K+ channels has been shown regulate OPC proliferation and differentiation in vitro (Gallo et al., 1996; Ghiani et al., 1999; Knutson et al., 1997).