TGFB1 and breast carcinoma: HOXB7 is associated with EMT in breast cancer cells via the canonical TGF-β pathway (96), while HOXC8 mutant mice present motoneuron abnormalities with analog molecular defects compared with mutant mice for retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 synthesizing enzyme (97), which is responsible for retinoic acid synthesis, with atrophy of the distal projections of the ramus profundus of the radialis nerve that supply the extensor muscles of the forepaw, resulting in forepaw neuromuscular defects.