A cellular abnormality frequently observed in postmortem tissues from NF1 patients and in NF1 mouse models is an increased number of GFAP+ astrocytes in cortical and hippocampal gray matter (Gutmann et al., 1999; Hegedus et al., 2007; Nordlund et al., 1995; Rizvi et al., 1999; Zhu et al., 2005). Here, GFAP is linked to neurofibromatosis type 1.