Because it has been reported that α-syn seeding activity can be detected in formaldehyde-fixed tissue of aged Thy1-hA53Tα-syn transgenic mice by injecting brain lysates into young transgenic mice [47], we decided to test our biochemical assay with a formaldehyde-fixed MSA patient brain, which is a much greater challenge to the sensitivity of our assay than using other biological samples. The gene discussed is THY1; the disease is multiple system atrophy.