CEACAM5 and metastasis: Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models revealed that treatment year (1999–2004), tumor location (proximal colon), and widespread liver metastasis were independent factors associated with a worse prognosis (Table 2), whereas PS (PS 0–1), M1a subcategory, differentiated adenocarcinoma, preoperative CEA level ≤ 30 ng/ml, and curative resection were independent factors associated with better prognosis (Table 2).