We think that this is consistent with previous reports that showed the elevation of cTnI in subjects with chronic cardiac diseases, including congestive heart failure, left ventricle hypertrophy, and cardiomyopathy8, in which case BNP level is usually elevated, as well as the elevation of BNP in subjects with acute myocardial infarction18, in which case cTnI level is usually elevated. Here, NPPB is linked to congestive heart failure.