However, IGF‐IR, Axl and Alk, which were known to play some roles in the acquired resistance to EGFR TKI (Bae et al., 2015; Guix et al., 2008; Maione et al., 2015), were not activated by B[α]P and may not be involved in the insensitivity of smoker NSCLC to EGFR TKI (Fig. 5D). The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.