In addition, new findings in the past few years added valuable insights into paediatric ADS and its subtypes, including the identification of new biomarkers such as anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-ab) [2, 5] and the identification of new clinical subtypes as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis followed by optic neuritis (ADEM-ON) [6]. The gene discussed is MOG; the disease is optic neuritis.