It has been demonstrated that: (i) MF patients display higher circulating levels of several pro-inflammatory cytokines as compared to other chronic myeloproliferative disorders as well as to healthy subjects [9], with IL-8, IL-2R, IL-12 and IL-15 levels independently holding prognostic value [10]; (ii) MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, also known as CCL2), soluble IL-2R and IL-15 levels cluster with splenomegaly [11]; (iii) MCP-1 levels correlate with lower anemia response to pomalidomide [11]. This evidence concerns the gene IL15 and anemia.