Importantly, in extranodal natural killer (NK)- and T-cell lymphoma of the nasal type, which is known to have an aggressive and mostly fatal course, PDL1 is substantially upregulated due to EBV infection of the tumor cells, and PD1 blockade has been shown to be very effective in otherwise hopeless relapse cases in a small case series (61). Here, PDCD1 is linked to neoplasm.