Based on this evidence, EGFR testing and EGFR TKIs have become a staple of lung cancer clinical treatment and since then the College of American Pathologists, International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, and the Association for Molecular Pathology have standardized the testing guidelines for selection of lung cancer patients for EGFR inhibitors as well as the methods of testing, such as real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) [8]. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is lung cancer.