We also confirmed that mutations in PIK3CA (32.0%) and TP53 (24.4%) were the most frequent genetic aberrations in cancer-related genes in breast tumours, followed by CDH1 (4%), MAP3K1 (4%), PTEN (3%) and PTPRD (3%) (Fig. 1a and Supplementary Table 2). Here, CDH1 is linked to breast neoplasm.